Hypertension and obesity moderated the relationship between β-amyloid (Aβ) and cognitive decline, according to a recent study. Participants (n=207; aged 40–70 years; 73% parental Alzheimer disease [AD]) in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention study completed 3+ neuropsychological evaluations and a [¹¹C]PiB positron emission tomography scan or lumbar puncture. Linear mixed-effects regression models tested interactions of risk factor × Aβ × visit age on longitudinal Verbal Learning & Memory and Speed & Flexibility factor scores. Researchers found:

• The relationship between Aβ and Verbal Learning & Memory decline was moderated by hypertension (χ²₍₁₎ = 3.85) and obesity (χ²₍₁₎ = 6.12).
• Those with both elevated Aβ and the risk factor declined at faster rates than those with only elevated Aβ or elevated risk factors.