A 45-year-old man comes in for a routine office visit. He has not seen a physician in 5 years. His family history is significant for hypertension in his father and a brother who is 10 years older. Your patient takes no medications, does not smoke, and follows a heart-healthy diet. He drinks 2 beers weekly and exercises for 30 minutes 3 times a week.

His examination reveals an average in-office blood pressure (BP) of 152/93 mm Hg based on 2 measurements during this visit. His other vital signs are normal. The rest of his examination is normal, with no signs of target organ damage. His laboratory studies obtained prior to this visit are normal.