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- Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementBase::execute($args = [], $options = []) should either be compatible with PDOStatement::execute(?array $params = null): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2246 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
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- Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
- Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
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Clinical Review
Smoking Characteristics of Veterans With Bipolar Disorder
Fed Pract. 2013 June;30(6):23-30
Author and Disclosure Information
Annette M. Matthews, MD; Vanessa B. Wilson, BA; Suzanne H. Mitchell, PhD; Peter Hauser, MD
In 2006, the prevalence of bipolar disorder among veterans who use VHA facilities and clinics was estimated at 4.4% of the treatment-seeking population.(1) This percentage compares with the estimated 1% to 5% of bipolar disorder prevalence in the general population.(2) Military service has been found to increase cigarette smoking over a lifespan, and there are estimates that more than 50% of veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan will return as smokers.(3-5) Furthermore, veterans with bipolar disorder who seek treatment from the VA may have greater rates of additional smoking-associated risk factors (eg, homelessness and lower education).