Article
Do any folk remedies or herbals help induce labor?
- Author:
- Tracy Murray, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Sarah Safranek, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Yes, some do. Breast stimulation and electroacupuncture help, while other common remedies that have been studied are...
Article
Which patients undergoing noncardiac surgery benefit from perioperative beta-blockers?
- Author:
- Jamie Haynes, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Barbara Jamieson, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Patients with moderate to high cardiac risk (a Revised Cardiac Risk Index [RCRI] score of 2 or higher [TABLE]) have a...
Article
What is the role of combination therapy (insulin plus oral medication) in type 2 diabetes?
- Author:
- Staci Eskesen, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Kristin Hitchcock, MSI
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Combination therapy using insulin plus metformin (Glucophage), a sulfonylurea, or both produces glycemic control comparable...
Article
What is the risk of adverse outcomes in a woman who develops mild hypertension from OCs?
- Author:
- Trisha Pollara, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Sarah Safranek, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Women who take oral contraceptives (OCs) have an increased risk of developing new hypertension, which returns to baseline...
Article
What are effective treatments for oppositional defiant behaviors in adolescents?
- Author:
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Leilani St. Anna, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Psychological interventions for the family—such as parenting skills training and behavioral therapy for the child, the...
Article
What is the prognostic value of stress echocardiography for patients with atypical chest pain?
- Author:
- Chad McBride, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Nancy Calabretta, MS, MD
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Patients with atypical chest pain and no history of cardiovascular events (coronary artery disease, unstable angina, or...
Article
When should a child with an undescended testis be referred to a urologist?
- Author:
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Rachel Bishop, MBChB, MRCGP
- Dtmh
- Jacquelyn Morton, MLS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Infants with an undescended testis should be referred between ages 6 and 15 months, since almost all who experience...
Article
What treatments prevent miscarriage after recurrent pregnancy loss?
- Author:
- Matt Price, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Sarah Safranek, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Progesterone produces a small but significant decrease in miscarriage among pregnant women with 3 or more unexplained...
Article
How long is expectant management safe in first-trimester miscarriage?
- Author:
- Charles Butler, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Leilani St. Anna, MLIS, AHIP
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: More than 80% of women with a first-trimester spontaneous abortion have complete natural passage of tissue within 2 to 6...
Article
What is the initial work-up in the diagnosis of hypertension?
- Author:
- Brett V. Daniel, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Terry Ann Jankowski, MLS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Patients with a new diagnosis of hypertension should be evaluated with a history and physical exam and the following...
Article
Does anticoagulation prevent thrombosis for persons with fractures distal to the hip?
- Author:
- Julie Brogren, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Sarah Safranek, MLIS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) prophylaxis significantly reduces the total incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT)...
Article
Can type 2 diabetes be prevented through diet and exercise?
- Author:
- Wayne Warnken, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Sheila Bryant, MLS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Diets that result in long-term weight loss of 5% to 7%, along with moderate-intensity exercise for more than 150 minutes...
Article
Is antibiotic prophylaxis effective for recurrent acute otitis media?
- Author:
- Rebecca Halter, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Joan Nashelsky, MLS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: For children who have recurrent episodes of clinically diagnosed acute otitis media (AOM), antibiotic prophylaxis...
Article
How effective is gastric bypass for weight loss?
- Author:
- Gina Everson, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Joan Nashelsky, MLS
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Gastric bypass results in weight loss of approximately 33% at 2 years and 25% at 8 years (strength of recommendation [SOR...
Article
What is the most effective diagnostic evaluation of streptococcal pharyngitis?
- Author:
- Barth Merrill, MD
- Gary Kelsberg, MD
- Terry Ann Jankowski, MLS, AHIP
EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Standardized clinical decision rules, such as the Centor criteria, can identify patients with low likelihood of group A...