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    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementBase::execute($args = [], $options = []) should either be compatible with PDOStatement::execute(?array $params = null): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2246 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).
    • Deprecated function: Return type of DatabaseStatementEmpty::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in require_once() (line 2348 of /var/www/webmd/apps/mdedge/htdocs/includes/database/database.inc).

    Gary Kelsberg, MD

    Article

    Transgender patient

    How does gender-affirming hormone therapy affect QOL in transgender patients?

    Author:
    Sarah Wilhelm, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: There are modest effects on depression but not anxiety. ­Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is associated with modest...

    • Read More

    Article

    Two people embracing eachother

    Is event-driven PrEP dosing for HIV as effective as daily dosing?

    Author:
    Tory Olsen, MD
    Zachary Lally-Montgomery, PharmD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    Probably, although there are no head-to-head trials comparing the 2 dosing regimens. Event-driven pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) dosing...

    • Read More

    Article

    Overweight adolescent standing on scale

    Is metformin effective for reducing weight in obese or overweight adolescents?

    Author:
    Kirsten Anderson, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Yes, to some degree—but it is of uncertain clinical significance. Over a period of 6 months, metformin modestly reduced...

    • Read More

    Article

    Prilosec

    Does concurrent use of clopidogrel and PPIs increase CV risk in patients with ACS?

    Author:
    Sandy Shehata, PharmD
    Jason Baker, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: No. Adding a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in patients taking antiplatelet medications such as clopidogrel for acute coronary...

    • Read More

    Article

    Bronchiole in a patient with asthma

    Does vitamin D supplementation reduce asthma exacerbations?

    Author:
    Jaspreet Jaura, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Yes, to some extent it does, and primarily in patients with low vitamin D levels. Supplementation reduces asthma...

    • Read More

    Article

    Melanoma

    Does screening by primary care providers effectively detect melanoma and other skin cancers?

    Author:
    Jenna Madeja, DO
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Possibly. No trials have directly assessed detection of melanoma and other skin cancers by primary care providers.

    • Read More

    Article

    Boy vaping

    Does using e-cigarettes increase cigarette smoking in adolescents?

    Author:
    Tim Asher, MD
    Jenna Leah Belden, PharmD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Probably. Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by adolescents is associated with a 2- to 4-fold increase in cigarette...

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    Opinion

    Is intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection an effective treatment for knee OA?

    Is intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injection an effective treatment for knee OA?

    Author:
    Carrie Lynn Wilcox, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Probably not, based on the balance of evidence. While low-quality evidence may suggest potential benefit,...

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    Article

    Does amniotomy shorten spontaneous labor or improve outcomes?

    Does amniotomy shorten spontaneous labor or improve outcomes?

    Author:
    Megan Worthley, MD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: No. Amniotomy neither shortens spontaneous labor nor improves any of the following outcomes: length of first stage of labor...

    • Read More

    Article

    What’s the best VTE treatment for patients with cancer?

    What’s the best VTE treatment for patients with cancer?

    Author:
    Thuy Pham, DO
    Hannah Sundquist, PharmD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: No head-to-head studies directly compare all the main treatments for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients. Long-...

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    Article

    What's the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori?

    What’s the best secondary treatment for patients who fail initial triple therapy for H pylori?

    Author:
    Leanne Jones, MD
    Julien Ta, PharmD
    Gary Kelsberg, MD
    Sarah Safranek, MLIS

    EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Treating patients with Helicobacter pylori infection who have failed clarithromycin-based triple therapy with either...

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